A role-playing video game (commonly referred to simply as a role-playing game or RPG, and a computer role-playing game or CRPG) is a video game genre where the player controls the actions of a character (or multiple character members) immersed in some well-defined world, usually involving some form of character development through the recording of statistics. Many role-playing video games are derived from tabletop role-playing games and use much of the same terminology, settings, and game mechanics. Other major similarities to paper-based games include developed narrative and storytelling elements, player character development, complexity, and the value of replayability and immersion. The electronic medium eliminates the need for a game master and increases the speed of battle resolution. Role-playing games have evolved from simple text-based console window games to visually rich 3D.
Role-playing video games use much of the same terminology, settings, and game mechanics as early tabletop role-playing games such as Dungeons & Dragons. Players control a central playable character or multiple playable characters, commonly referred to as a party, and achieve victory by completing a series of quests or reaching the end of a central storyline. Players explore the game world by solving puzzles and engaging in combat. A key feature of the genre is that characters grow in strength and ability, and characters are usually designed by the player. Role-playing games rarely challenge the player’s physical coordination or reaction time, with the exception of action role-playing games.
Role-playing video games typically rely on a well-developed story and setting that is divided into a series of quests. Players control one or more characters by issuing commands that the character executes with efficiency determined by the character’s numerical attributes. Often these attributes increase each time the character gains a level, and the character’s level increases each time the player gains a certain amount of experience.
Role-playing video games also usually try to offer more complex and dynamic character interactions than what is found in other video game genres. This usually involves additional attention to artificial intelligence and scripted behavior of non-player characters controlled by the computer.
The premise of many role-playing games tasks the player with saving the world or some level of society that is under threat. As the story progresses, twists and turns often occur, such as the unexpected reappearance of estranged relatives or enemies who become friends, or vice versa. The game world is often rooted in speculative fiction (i.e., fantasy or science fiction), which allows players to do things they can’t do in real life and helps players suspend their disbelief about the rapid growth of characters. To a lesser extent, settings closer to the present or near future are possible.